The Audi A3 is a completely new vehicle for the U.S. market and is leading the way in establishing a new class of premium compact cars here. The A3 comes packed with technology and it boasts the sporty driving dynamics and high quality standards of a German sedan.The new Audi A3 was launched as a five-door hatchback powered by a newly developed turbocharged 2.0-liter four-cylinder driving the front wheels. An all-wheel-drive A3 Quattro powered by the much admired 3.2-liter six-cylinder engine will also be on sale during the 2006 model year.
The A3 is an example of the exquisite sensibilities in design and use of materials that distinguishes the contemporary Audi. It will take more than just high fuel prices for U.S. buyers to look for their sporty utility in smaller vehicles, but we like the A3 for its combination of open-road dynamism, long-haul friendliness, around-town usefulness and fuel economy.
We found the front-drive A3 2.0 T offers superb balance and excellent throttle response that make for a convincing sports car when the road is right. Inside, the A3 Sportback is roomy and versatile, blending pleasing materials with logical controls and highly legible readouts.
Lineup
The Audi A3 2.0 T is front-wheel drive and powered by the new 2.0-liter turbocharged four-cylinder rated at 200 horsepower. Two transmissions are available: a standard six-speed manual or optional Direct Shift Gearbox (DGS) automatic. Available later in the 2006 model year is the A3 Quattro with all-wheel drive and the 250-horsepower 3.2-liter V6. For now at least, all A3 models come to the U.S. in the Sportback five-door hatchback body style, though other body styles are available in Europe.
The A3 2.0 T is available in three trim levels, 2.0 T, 2.0 T Sport and 2.0 T Premium. In line with the A3's near-luxury market placement, there's no dearth of appropriate amenities. The base A3 2.0 T ($24,740) comes standard with automatic climate control with pollen filter and sun sensor; cloth upholstery; tilt and telescoping adjustable steering column; 10-speaker 140-watt stereo with satellite prep; central locking with remote keyless entry; power windows; electronic cruise control; anti-theft vehicle alarm; two cup holders in the center console; and vanity mirrors in the sunvisors.
Designed to be as much sporty driver's car as well-tailored transportation module, the A3 comes standard with upmarket technologies. These include a sophisticated multi-link rear suspension; an electronic stability program (ESP); standard full-time traction control (ASR); ABS with an electronic differential lock (EDL); Servotronic electro-mechanical steering; and 17-inch alloys with low-profile 225/45 radials. These elements all contribute to a persona that begs for tight, winding mountain roads, thrives in the slice-and-dice of urban traffic and quietly relieves the tedium of commuter slogs.
Safety features that come standard include front and side-impact airbags for the front-seat passengers. All five seating positions get three-point belts with automatic pre-tensioners and an adjustable headrest; the front seat belts feature height adjustment, automatic pre-tensioners and belt-force limiters.
The A3 Sport package ($1,800) features 16-spoke bi-color alloy wheels wrapped with 17-inch performance tires (all-season radials are a no-cost option), sport-tuned shocks and springs to tighten up the handling, and a roof spoiler and front fog lamps. Leather seating surfaces and sport seats with manual height adjustment upgrade the interior along with illuminated vanity mirrors; alloy inlays and trim; driver/passenger reading lights; aluminum door sill trim with the Audi logo; and a three-spoke steering wheel.
The A3 Premium package ($2,025) gets leather seating surfaces; specific 16-spoke silver alloy wheels; HomeLink garage door opener; trip computer; light/rain sensor with auto-dimming interior mirror; three-spoke steering wheel and alloy shift paddles; power driver's seat with lumbar support; front fog lights; a Storage Package and alloy trim bits around the cockpit.
Option packages include an upgrade of the sound system ($900) with Bose electronics and an in-dash six-disc CD changer; a Cold Weather group ($700) with heated front seats, ski sack, heated windshield washer nozzles and heated exterior mirrors. Sport versions offer a Convenience option ($675) that includes HomeLink, Storage package, trip computer, auto-dimming interior mirror; and light/rain sensor.
Stand-alone options include Audi Navigation ($1,950) and Navigation plus Sound ($2,850); Open Sky sunroof ($1,100); rear side airbags ($350); xenon headlights ($500); two additional paint colors, Venetian Violet metallic and Murano Green pearl effect ($1,000); and separate pearl effect or metallic finishes ($450). Satellite radio prep for either XM or Sirius is available for Sport and Premium models ($350).
Walkaround
A compact five-door hatchback can't be a car designer's favorite project. There's only so much that can be done to fit all those doors on a short wheelbase, but Audi stylists have done a good job of it. In profile, the downward, coupe-esque sweep of the roofline is supported by a strong shoulder line that joins front, side and rear of the car and leads the eye to the strong haunches, all of which makes it appear as though the car is launching forward, springing into action.
The front end is particularly distinctive, again projecting a sense of forward motion. Audi's current family-look single-frame grille is flanked by canted headlamp clusters (forming a determined frown) and prominent lower intake grilles. It's an aggressive nose but doesn't overly dominate the design, as the eye gets drawn along the distinct shoulder line, which also forms a visual tension with the sloping roof, while bodyside molding and deeply creased lower side panels break up the large door areas into pieces of a well-crafted puzzle.
Wraparound taillamp clusters accentuate the broad sweep of the car's butt. They also give the shoulder line a "take-off" point that makes it look like a small spoiler has been integrated into the hatch just below the window line. Very sporty, as is the pair of bright exhaust tips not so bashfully protruding from below the bumper.
Reflecting recent Audi styling, the A3 is understated and elegant. Its masterly crafted panels fit just right, the paint is exquisite, and there's an overall expensive look to it that contradicts the usual expectations from a small, affordable car.
Interior
The new Audi A3 offers a fine combination of utility and comfort and should be particularly suitable for young couples and singles with an outgoing lifestyle. The wide doors make it easy to climb in and out and legroom is adequate front and rear. The slope of the roof means tall passengers may find rear headroom a bit compromised, however, and big families might find that the A3 doesn't quite fit their size requirements. The A3 Sportback, though it offers just about the same amount of people room and luggage space as the previous-generation A4.
The cockpit is a paragon of applied ergonomic science, blending pleasing materials with the logical placement of controls and highly legible read-outs. To evoke the feel of driving a sports car, the seating position was placed low in relation to the high and wide console. The standard seats are okay but are too short in the thigh, and we like more lateral support, too. Consider the $1,800 Sport package a must if you want to explore the sportier side of this very sporty car. The Open Sky dual sunroof option is also very cool. Although only the front of the two glass panels opens, both have retractable sunshades for hot days.
Because the A3 borrows so many elements from the other Audi models, even the base package, with cloth seats, exudes a high quality of workmanship. The point of a five-door hatchback, of course, is the versatility of the interior. For starters, the luggage area can be increased by folding flat the split rear seatbacks. Several package options are available to augment the trunk's utility, including a ski sack that can hold six pairs of slats. An optional roof rack is available in a choice of several different configurations depending on the intended use.
Driving Impressions
This is where the story gets exciting, at least for those of us who've driven the Audi A3 over hill and dale. First, the new intercooled 2.0-liter turbo four is everything a small displacement performance engine should be and is a worthy successor to the vaunted 1.8-liter turbo that preceded it. Second, the suspension is refined beyond the car's price or class and provides both sporty handling and ride quality in concert with the A3's other upscale attributes.
Officially called the 2.0T FSI, the new turbo's 200 horsepower is underscored by a sidewall-rippling 210 pound-feet of torque, the latter delivered across a wide sweep of the tach needle from 1800 to 5000 rpm, making the two-liter feel as though it had a bunch more cubic inches grafted onto it somewhere. Yet, it's remarkably easy on fuel. Preliminary estimates of the A3's fuel economy were about 24 miles per gallon city and 30 highway.
A good deal of the credit for this match-up of performance and responsible fuel usage should go to the direct injection system, FSI. This is the first production car engine to combine turbocharging with FSI, a version of which was used with great success in Audi's all-conquering R8 Le Mans race cars. Here's a quick primer: In contrast to conventional intake systems, where fuel is injected through an intake manifold, FSI delivers the fuel directly into the combustion chamber. The injector, located on the intake side in the cylinder head, is served by a high-pressure pump driven by the camshaft and a pressure reservoir shared by all cylinders: thus, the "common rail" system. Injection times are controlled to within .001 second at injection pressures of up to 110 bar (to compare, a manifold injection system operates at a maximum of 4 bar).
The result is more power with greater efficiency, and an engine that climbs smoothly yet quickly through its powerband. Turbo lag is nonexistent. Just push your right foot down and let the 2.0T deliver.
Audi says the A3 2.0 T Sportback sprints from 0 to 60 mph in 7.0 seconds, a modest figure by some standards, but the raw number doesn't begin to do justice to the engine's throttle response and the chassis' willingness to get from here to there. Torque is ever ready, and the engine is quite happy to reach 6000 rpm over and over again.
The transmission choices illustrate Audi's industry-leading technology in transferring engine torque into rolling power. You can't go wrong with either the standard six-speed manual or the paddle/lever-shifted DSG automatic. The swiftness of choosing the correct gear with either gearbox is more than matched by the car's quickness on its feet.
Surefooted agility, even with only the two front wheels driving the car, comes easily to the Sportback, thanks in large measure to a new four-link rear suspension. Compactness, low weight and superior handling are all expected benefits of such a complex suspension, but there's also a lot cost and effort to add it to a platform and market segment that has traditionally been unused to such superior technology. Was it worth it? You betcha. The multiple links provide a functional separation between the longitudinal and transverse forces, resulting in better lateral rigidity for crisper handling (and a safer car) and relatively soft lengthwise control for a comfortable ride. It's simply exceptional and is one hallmark of an engineering department at full strength. Think BMW when imagining the A3's road manners.
The suspension is worth a few more words, as its sophistication demonstrates Audi's overall investment in technology and materials. First, at the rear, the multiple links are formed by a wheel carrier with a wheel bearing unit, two lower wishbones (spring link and tie rod), one upper wishbone and a trailing arm. The three wishbones are connected to the body by a subframe, built of extra-strong steel tubes and plates, which is bolted to the body to form a complete unit, to save weight while also strengthening the rear of the chassis. On the Quattro, the rear axle subframe also serves to accommodate the final drive and is made of aluminum for further weight savings. The springs and twin-tube gas-filled shock absorbers are mounted separately, the shock outside the spring, allowing the shocks to be fitted close to the wheels for additional cargo room. An anti-roll bar, mounted on extra-firm rubber/metal mounts, is standard.
The front suspension is a MacPherson-type design with triangular lower wishbones. The subframe is bolted to the forward structure, and the anti-roll bar is mounted directly on the spring strut for quicker, more dynamic responses to road conditions. This also allows a smaller anti-roll bar, reducing front suspension weight by 3.5 pounds. The front wishbone mount is extra firm for enhanced lateral control, while the rear wishbone mount, in contrast, was engineered with non-linear characteristics, assuring good ride comfort under minor loads and controlled self-steering dynamics as forces increase.
The A3's premium-level technology even extends into the steering box, which is now electromagnetically adjusted in response to steering wheel angle and vehicle speed. Servotronic steering is found in many cars, but the feel comes down to the software that determines the levels of assistance, and the A3 felt just fine.
Braking is more than fine. The four-wheel discs are big enough to handle repeated pedal stabs without overheating, and high-tech electronics ensure optimum braking in all conditions. The latest-generation ABS features, for the first time in an Audi, a dual-rate servo, which amplifies brake force when it senses the driver's right-footed demand for emergency stopping power. The newest available Electronic Stabilization Program guides the car's dynamics with astonishing computer power, incorporating the ABS, EBD (electronic brake-force distribution), ASR (traction control system), MSR (engine drag torque control system), EDL (electronic differential lock), hydraulic brake assist and the ESBS (extended stability braking system).
What that all means is that you'll not find a better-balanced front-drive car anywhere. Nor will you find many compacts that make such a convincing sports car when the road is right.
Summary & Specifications
The Audi A3 is a totally new vehicle for the U.S. and should be a great choice of young, active consumers looking for distinctive vehicles to fit their lifestyles. The A3 is a high-quality car that offers premium handling and safety, roominess and practicality, yet is still easy to park and is easy on fuel. Five-door hatchbacks are very popular in Europe, but Americans haven't warmed to their styling. Those who are comfortable with its styling should find happiness in the new A3 Sportback.
New Car Test Drive correspondent Greg Brown filed this report from Italy.
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